12.1 (Canada)
1 (being hostile to something) hostility
2 (when someone is prosecuted) prosecution
3 (being willing to cooperate) cooperative
4 (a newspaper article giving the editor’s opinion) editorial
5 (when people speculate to make a profit) speculation
6 (acting on impulse) impulsive
7 (being familiar with something) familiarity
8 (to do with photography) photographic
The word with a suffix which is an exception to the rule given at the beginning of A is ‘co’operative’. (It doesn’t have stress on the syllable immediately before -ive.)
12.2
/tʃən/ (e.g. suggestion) |
/ʃən/ (e.g. education) |
/ʒən/ (e.g. decision) |
combustion, congestion, digestion, exhaustion |
accommodation, celebration, comprehension, depression, expression, suspension |
erosion, explosion, invasion, revision |
12.3
resident performance defiant convergence reference
excellence correspondent assistant maintenance applicant
coincidence informant acceptance insistence significance
The exception is ‘excellence’. The syllable before the suffix -ence ends in ‘ell’ (VCC) and so stress would be on this syllable if the second rule in B were followed. (Note that ‘excellent’ is also an exception.)
12.4
The words with the same (S) stress pattern as their root are:
de’fiant (de’fy) con’vergence (con’verge) ,corre’spondent (,corre’spond)
as’sistant (as’sist) in’formant (in’form) ac’ceptance (ac’cept)
in’sistence (in’sist)
The words with a different (D) stress pattern from their root are:
‘reference (re’fer) excellence (ex’cel) ‘maintenance (main’tain)
‘applicant (ap’ply) co’incidence (coin’cide) sig’nificance (‘signify)